Research and development in criminal law and criminology

Research and development in criminal law and criminology

Analyzing the impact of protective measures for women on their sense of security in Kabul city (study of measures taken in the years 2020-2021)

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Author
zia hussain yosufi
PHD
10.22034/jclc.2025.2075140.1270
Abstract
The relationship between women's sense of security, taking protective measures, and their vulnerability in traditional societies such as Afghanistan is a topic that has been addressed by few authors. Therefore, the aim of this article is to evaluate the relationship between taking protective measures, women's vulnerability, and sense of security in Kabul city. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical in terms of cross-sectional time. The statistical population of the research is women aged 18 to 70. The sample size is determined as 247 people. The sampling method is simple random sampling. Data collection was carried out through a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were based on face and content validity, with Cronbach's alpha value higher than 0.8. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 software. The research findings show that women who are highly educated in Kabul city have a greater sense of security than women who are illiterate. On the other hand, there is a relationship between women's jobs and security, such that the feeling of insecurity is higher among female soldiers than others; while female students, employees, retirees, and housewives have observed a lower feeling of insecurity in Kabul; single women have a higher feeling of insecurity than married women and women who live alone. In addition to demographic variables, the research proves the hypothesis that the greater the feeling of vulnerability of women in Kabul, the greater their feeling of insecurity will be. The test considered in the present study shows that there is a significant relationship between the feeling of insecurity and vulnerability of women in Kabul. Finally, the variable of protective measures is such that the more protective measures are taken, the less women feel insecure in Kabul. The conclusion of the research states that there is a relationship between protective measures, vulnerability, and the feeling of insecurity in Kabul. Demographic variables are effective in the feeling and lack of feeling of security of women in Kabul.
Keywords
Protective measures
vulnerability
women
sense of security
Kabul city
Afghanistan

Subjects

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Research and development in criminal law and criminology

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 07 December 2025