Research and development in criminal law and criminology

Research and development in criminal law and criminology

An Introduction to the Principles of Crime Prevention Policymaking and an Assessment of Their Recognition in the Iranian Legal System

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Hassan Pourbafrani 1
hamidreza heydarpour 2
Havva Ghasemi 3
1 Associate Professor, University of IsfahanAssociate Professor, Department of Law, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Postdoctoral Researcher, Criminal Law and Criminology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 Master of Private LawMaster of Science in Private Law, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/jclc.2025.2052560.1159
Abstract
 
Crime prevention policymaking is not an arbitrary process; rather, it is governed by fundamental principles. These principles regulate the crime prevention system, organizing and guiding decision-making and strategic planning. The extent to which a policymaking system practically adheres to these principles serves as an indicator of its success or failure in preventing crime and providing sustainable security. This study analyzes the concept and components of these principles and critically evaluates the status of their recognition within the Iranian crime prevention policymaking system. It is argued that a comprehensive understanding and pragmatic observance of these principles can promise the evolution of a coherent, purposeful, and efficient system. The central inquiry of this research addresses the identification of these fundamental principles and the approach of the Iranian legal system toward them. The results indicate that these principles consist of: the principle of scientificity, the principle of human rights observance, the principle of sustainability, the principle of calculability, the principle of inclusiveness, the principle of solidarity and differentiation, and the principle of participation. Furthermore, findings suggest that these principles have not been functionally recognized as necessary within the Iranian system—particularly in the Crime Prevention Act. This deficiency exists despite the fact that applying these principles guarantees the formation of a coherent policymaking structure. Consequently, updating approaches and procedures to enhance the efficiency of the crime prevention policymaking system in Iran is deemed essential. This research is qualitative, employing a descriptive-analytical method, and utilizes library resources (note-taking) for data collection.
Keywords
Crime Prevention Policymaking
Principles of Policymaking
Iranian Crime Prevention System
Crime Prevention Act
Efficiency

Subjects

  1. Abouzari, M. (2025). Dealing with Crime in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Prediction as Prevention. (e720961). Research and development in criminal law and criminology, 1(2), e720961 doi: 10.22034/jclc.2025.720961 (In Persian)
  2. Adams, R. E. Rohe, W. M., Arcury, T. A.(2023) ,Awareness of Community-oriented Policing and Neighborhood Perceptions in Five Small Cities, Journal of Criminal Justice. No. 33.
  3. Al Shamsi, Hind Rashed Saleh and Su'aidi Safei(2023)، Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Predictive Policing to Predict Crime Mitigation Performance ، International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology، 14، No. 3.
  4. Alivardinia, Akbar (1393), Crime Prevention Management in Iran, Strategic and Macro Policies Quarterly, Year 2, Issue 8. (in Persian)
  5. Babaghayibi Azghandi, Alireza (1388), Futures Studies; A New Approach in Designing Crime Prevention Programs, Quarterly Journal of Crime Prevention Studies, Year 4, Issue 13. (In Persian)
  6. Carrabine, Eamonn & Others(2018), Criminology: A Sociological Introduction, Routledge Publication, First Publication.
  7. Cavadino, Michael and James Dignan(2023), The Penal System: An Introduction, 3 rd , Sage Publication, London.
  8. Choubey، Santosh(2024)، The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Crime Prediction and Prevention on a Global Scale« ، An Online Peer Reviewed / Refereed Journal، Volume 2، Issue 3.
  9. Choudhary، Vanshika & et .al(2024)، AI in Crime Prevention & Prediction، Research in Vivekananda Global University Jaipur.
  10. Clarke, R. and J. Eck(2019), Crime Analysis for Problem- Solvers: in 60 Small Steps, Washington D.C. U.S Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, 3th
  11. Commission of Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice(2022), Report on The Reconvened Thirty-First Session، Economic and Social Council.
  12. Donnely, Jack(2019), Human Rights in The New World Order, World Policy Journal, Vol. 9، 2، Spring.
  13. Ebrahimi, Shahram (1396), Preventive Criminology, Volume One, Mizan Publications, Fourth Edition، DOI: https://doi.org/10.30513/cld.2023.4345.1701 (In Persian)
  14. Ebrahimi, Shahram (1399), Criminalization of Failure to Implement Crime Prevention Measures, Encyclopedia of Legal Policy, edited by Laya Junaidi and Amir Hassan Niazpour, Legal Assistant of the President, First Edition. (In Persian)
  15. Ebrahimi, Shahram (1401), Prevention of Recidivism through Artificial Intelligence; Requirements and Limitations, Journal of Criminal Law Studies, Volume 19, Issue 23. (In Persian)
  16. El Augi، Mustafa(2023)، Action-oriented Policies in Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice In the light of the Vll th United Nations Congress Recommendations، ILANUD, Año 7 No. 20.
  17. Fallah Tafti, Fatemeh (1403), Artificial Intelligence in the Service of Preventing Cybercrimes: A Jurisprudential-Legal Approach, Quarterly Journal of Cyberspace Legal Studies, Year 3, Issue 4, Winter، DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.71488/cyberlaw.2025.1184064 (In Persian)
  18. Farahmand, Mojtaba and Narges Dehghani (1399), Legal Challenges of the Crime Prevention Law of 2015, Quarterly Journal of Modern Humanities Studies in the World, Volume 1, Issue 1. (in Persian)
  19. Farrington, David p. & Welsh, Brandon C.(2018), Early Developmental Crime Prevention, International Handbook of Penology and Criminal Justice, CRC Press.
  20. Ghomashi, Saeed and Morteza Arefi (1396), Economic and Political Obstacles to Social Prevention of Crime, Journal of Criminal Law Doctrines, Issue 13. (In Persian)
  21. Grabosky, P. N.(2018), Fear of Crime and Fear Reduction Strategies, Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Series, No. 44، Australian Institute of Criminology, Canberra.
  22. Irvanian, Amir (1403), General Theory of Criminal Policy, Shahr Danesh Publications, 2nd edition. (In Persian)
  23. Jamshidi, Alireza (1394), Participatory Criminal Policy, 2nd edition. (In Persian)
  24. Jandeli, Menon (1401), An Introduction to Crime Prevention, translated and researched by Shahram Ebrahimi, Mizan Publications, 3rd edition. (In Persian)
  25. Javanbakht, M. and Sheikholilami, A. (2024). Experience-Based Approaches in the Criminal Justice System: A Solution to Enhance the Effectiveness of Criminal Policy. Research and development in criminal law and criminology, 1(1), 7-35. doi: 10.22034/jclc.2024.718657 (in Persian)
  26. Javan-Jaffari, Abdolreza and Seyyed Mehdi Seyyedzadeh-Shani (1399), Practical Guidelines for Crime Prevention, Mizan Publications, 3rd edition. (In Persian)
  27. Laycock and Tilley(2019), Implementing Crime Prevention, In: M. Theory and D. Farrington (eds.), Building a Safer Society: Strategic Approaches to Crime Prevention, University of Chicago Press.
  28. Maureen, Cain(2019), Orientalisme, Occidentalism and the Sociology of Crime, Garland & P. Spars(ed.), Criminology and Social Theory, Oxford University Press.
  29. Mcllaughin, Engene and Muncie, John(2018), The Sage Dictionary of Criminology, 5th Sage Publication.
  30. Mohammadnasal, Gholamreza (1400), Fundamentals of Crime Prevention (Translated and Researched), Mizan Publications, 2nd edition. (In Persian)
  31. Najafi Abarandabadi, Ali Hossein et al. (1386), Review of the Crime Prevention Bill, Quarterly Journal of Crime Prevention Studies, Issue 3, Summer. (In Persian)
  32. Najafi Abrandabadi, Ali Hossein (2015), Towards a National Crime Prevention Policy, Preface in: Brandon C, Welsh et al., Oxford Encyclopedia of Crime Prevention, translated by a group of researchers, with the help of Hamid Reza Nikokar, Mizan Publications, First Edition. (In Persian)
  33. Najafi Abrandabadi, Ali Hossein (2016), Crime Prevention and Criminal Policy Techniques, Textbook for the Doctoral Course in Criminal Law and Criminology, Shahid Beheshti University.
  34. Niazpour, Amir Hassan (1402), Crime Prevention, Dadgostar Publications, Second Edition. (In Persian)
  35. Niazpour, Amir Hassan (2003), Crime Prevention in the Iranian Constitution and the Crime Prevention Bill, Justice Legal Journal, No. 45, Winter. (In Persian)
  36. Rahiminejad, Esmaeil (1402), Basic Challenges of Crime Prevention Law in Iran, Criminal Law Research Journal, Year 14, Issue 1, Spring and Summer، DOI: https://doi.org/10.22124/jol.2022.21908.2268 (In Persian)
  37. Rayejian-Asli, Mehrdad (1402), An Introduction to Criminology, Samt Publications, 3rd edition. (In Persian)
  38. Sardarnia, Khalil-Allah and Mirza Mehdi Salari Shahrbabaki (2019), Analysis of Crime Prevention in Iran with a Focus on Systemic Theory in Political Science, Journal of Criminal Law Research, Volume 7, Issue 27, Summer، DOI: https://doi.org/10.22054/jclr.2018.20031.1374 (In Persian)
  39. Scott, M.(2023), Implementing Crime Prevention: Lesson Learned from Oriented Policing Projects, in: J. Knuttson and R. Clarke (eds.), Putting Theory to Work: Implementing Situational Crime Prevention and Problem Oriented Policing, Crime Prevention Studies, Vol. 20, Monsey Criminal Justice Press, New York.
  40. Shiri, Abbas (2017), Critique and Review of Crime Prevention Law, Specialized Scientific Journal of Prevention Approach, First Pre-Issue, Autumn. (In Persian)
  41. Wikström، Per-Olof(2022)، Towards A Knowledge-Based Crime Prevention، Cambridge University Press.
Research and development in criminal law and criminology
Volume 2, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
March 2026
Pages 181-215